Plasma concentrations of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase and peroxiredoxin-4 can identify high risk patients and predict outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a clinical observation

Doughty, Angela, Keane, Gary, Wadley, Alex, Mahoney, Berenice ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-8185, Bueno, Allain ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9456-8558 and Coles, Steven ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1109-6971 (2024) Plasma concentrations of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase and peroxiredoxin-4 can identify high risk patients and predict outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a clinical observation. International Journal of Cardiology. pp. 1-36. ISSN 0167-5273 (print) 1874-1754 (web)

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Abstract

Background: Oxidative stress is a pathological feature of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a complex disease with varying clinical outcomes. Surrogate biomarkers of oxidative stress including, peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2), PRDX4, thioredoxin (TRX) and thioredoxin reductase (TRXR) were measured in ACS patients at presentation and follow-up, to assess their clinical utility in diagnosis and risk stratification.

Methods: Plasma from 145 participants (80 ACS and 65 healthy) at diagnosis, 1-3 month (first) and 6-month follow-up (second) was analysed by ELISA. ACS patients were monitored for 12-months.

Results: ACS patients at diagnosis had significantly higher concentrations of TRX (p<0.05), TRXR (p<0.01) and PRDX4 (p<0.01), compared to healthy donors. This was increase was driven by non-ST elevated myocardial infarction for TRX (p<0.01) and PRDX4 (p<0.05). For TRXR, ACS females were significantly higher than males (p<0.05). TRX was also higher in older females (>55 years) at diagnosis (p<0.05). At first follow-up, TRX had lowered, whereas PRDX4 remained significantly high (p<0.05). Stratification of ACS patients according to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) revealed that TRXR was significantly higher in patients receiving PCI to the right coronary artery (p<0.05). Whereas both TRXR (p<0.01) and PRDX4 (p<0.01) were significantly higher in patients receiving PCI to the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. ACS patients who had plasma TRX >13.40 ng/ml at second follow-up were at high risk of readmission (p<0.05), as were patients with TRXR of <1000 pg/ml at diagnosis having PCI to the LAD (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study indicates that TRX, TRXR and PRDX4 may have clinical utility for ACS stratification.

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