Prevalence of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in First Episode Psychosis Patients

Smith, Jo, Griffiths, Lisa ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7748-0829 and Horne, Dominic (2016) Prevalence of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in First Episode Psychosis Patients. In: 'Looking Back, Moving Forward' The 10th International Conference on Early Intervention in Mental Health, 19th - 22nd October 2016, Milan, Italy. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Previous research in patients with schizophrenia have shown a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and disease
progression (~30-40%) which presents an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and long-term mortality (Correll et al. 2014; Mitchell et al. 2013). To date, little is known about the prevalence of existing cardiometabolic risk factors at time of diagnosis. This study presents a clinical overview of the cardiometabolic risk profile in young people presenting with early psychosis from a UK early intervention in psychosis
service. METHODS: Participants (n=45; age 24.4 ± 4.5 yrs, 71% male, 88.9% White British) clinically diagnosed with a first episode psychosis with <3 months (n=39) or< 6 months (n=6) Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) were assessed for anthropometric, lifestyle behaviours and clinical measurements including resting heart rate, blood pressure, blood lipids, HbA1c, and prolactin. The majority (n=38, 84.4%) were in receipt of antipsychotic
medication (8.9% Aripiprazole, 28.9% Olanzepine, 31.1%
Quetiapine, 4.4% Risperidone, 2.2% Paliperidone, 6.7%
Clozapine). Seven participants (15.6%) were not on any
antipsychotic medication.

RESULTS
Table 1 presents the cardiometabolic risk status and self reported lifestyle behaviours at baseline by sex of this first episode psychosis patient sample (n=45).
• Participants had high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors due to elevated values for BMI (38.1%), abdominal adiposity (57.5%), high blood pressure (30.8% prehypertensive; 20.5% hypertensive), elevated resting heart rate (44.7%), hypercholesterolemia (27.9%), suboptimal HDL levels (25.6%), and hypertriglyceridemia (42.1%).
• Participants also self-reported poor lifestyle habits including: smoking (55.8%), alcohol use (37.2%), substance use (16.3%), poor diet (53.5%), and a sedentary lifestyle (39.5%).

CONCLUSION
• Young people with psychosis are at increased risk for
cardiometabolic disorders due to elevated clinical markers and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours.
• Physical health interventions are needed early in the
treatment process to address the increased risk for
cardiometabolic disorders in individuals recently diagnosed

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