Differences in Axial Segment Reorientation During Standing Turns Predict Multiple Falls in Older Adults

Wright, R.L., Peters, D.M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7873-7737, Robinson, Paul D., Sitch, A.J. and Watt, T.N. (2012) Differences in Axial Segment Reorientation During Standing Turns Predict Multiple Falls in Older Adults. Gait and posture, 36 (3). pp. 541-545. ISSN 0966-6362

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Abstract

Background
The assessment of standing turning performance is proposed to predict fall risk in older adults. This study investigated differences in segmental coordination during a 360° standing turn task between older community-dwelling fallers and non-fallers.

Methods
Thirty-five older adults age mean (SD) of 71 (5.4) years performed 360° standing turns. Head, trunk and pelvis position relative to the laboratory and each other were recorded using a Vicon motion analysis system. Fall incidence was monitored by monthly questionnaire over the following 12 months and used to identify non-faller, single faller and multiple faller groups.

Results
Multiple fallers were found to have significantly different values, when compared to non-fallers, for pelvis onset (p=0.002); mean angular separation in the transverse plane between the head and trunk (p=0.018); peak angular separation in the transverse plane between the trunk and pelvis (p=0.013); and mean angular separation between the trunk and pelvis (p<0.001).

Conclusions
Older adults who subsequently experience multiple falls show a simplified turning pattern to assist in balance control. This may be a predictor for those at increased risk of falling.

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