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Associations of psychotic symptom dimensions with clinical and developmental variables in twin and general clinical samples

Cardno, A., Allardyce, J., Bakker, S., Toulopoulou, T., Kravariti, E., Picchioni, M., Kane, F., Rijsdijk, F., Mahmood, T., Nasser el din, S., du Toit, D., Jones, Lisa ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5122-8334, Quattrone, D., Walters, J., Legge, S., Holmans, P., Murray, R. and Vassos, E. (2024) Associations of psychotic symptom dimensions with clinical and developmental variables in twin and general clinical samples. British Journal of Psychiatry, 226 (1). pp. 16-23. ISSN Print: 0007-1250 Online:1472-1465

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Abstract

Background
Positive, negative and disorganised psychotic symptom dimensions are associated with clinical and developmental variables, but differing definitions complicate interpretation. Additionally, some variables have had little investigation.

Aims
To investigate associations of psychotic symptom dimensions with clinical and developmental variables, and familial aggregation of symptom dimensions, in multiple samples employing the same definitions.

Method
We investigated associations between lifetime symptom dimensions and clinical and developmental variables in two twin and two general psychosis samples. Dimension symptom scores and most other variables were from the Operational Criteria Checklist. We used logistic regression in generalised linear mixed models for combined sample analysis (n = 875 probands). We also investigated correlations of dimensions within monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs concordant for psychosis (n = 96 pairs).

Results
Higher symptom scores on all three dimensions were associated with poor premorbid social adjustment, never marrying/cohabiting and earlier age at onset, and with a chronic course, most strongly for the negative dimension. The positive dimension was also associated with Black and minority ethnicity and lifetime cannabis use; the negative dimension with male gender; and the disorganised dimension with gradual onset, lower premorbid IQ and substantial within twin-pair correlation. In secondary analysis, disorganised symptoms in MZ twin probands were associated with lower premorbid IQ in their co-twins.

Conclusions
These results confirm associations that dimensions share in common and strengthen the evidence for distinct associations of co-occurring positive symptoms with ethnic minority status, negative symptoms with male gender and disorganised symptoms with substantial familial influences, which may overlap with influences on premorbid IQ.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Discrete Keywords: Psychosis, symptoms, twins, familial, intelligence
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Divisions: Three Counties Medical School
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Copyright Info: Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists, This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Depositing User: Lisa Jones
Date Deposited: 10 Jul 2024 14:34
Last Modified: 10 Feb 2025 16:48
URI: https://eprints.worc.ac.uk/id/eprint/14081

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