ATR2Cala2 from Arabidopsis-infecting downy mildew requires 4 TIR-NLR immune receptors for full recognition

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Kim, D., Woods-Tör, Alison, Cevik, V., Furzer, C., Li, Y., Ma, W., Tör, M. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4416-5048 and Jones, D. (2023) ATR2Cala2 from Arabidopsis-infecting downy mildew requires 4 TIR-NLR immune receptors for full recognition. bioRxiv.

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Article
Abstract:

Arabidopsis Col-0 RPP2A and RPP2B confer recognition of Arabidopsis downy mildew (Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis [Hpa]) isolate Cala2, but the identity of the recognized ATR2Cala2 effector was unknown.

To reveal ATR2Cala2, an F2 population was generated from a cross between Hpa-Cala2 and Hpa-Noks1. We identified ATR2Cala2 as a non-canonical RxLR-type effector that carries a signal peptide, a dEER motif, and WY domains but no RxLR motif. Recognition of ATR2Cala2and its effector function were verified by biolistic bombardment, ectopic expression and Hpa infection.

ATR2Cala2 is recognized in accession Col-0 but not in Ler-0 in which RPP2A and RPP2B are absent. In ATR2Emoy2 and ATR2Noks1 alleles, a frameshift results in an early stop codon. RPP2A and RPP2B are essential for the recognition of ATR2Cala2. Stable and transient expression of ATR2Cala2 under 35S promoter in Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana enhances disease susceptibility.

Two additional Col-0 TIR-NLR (TNL) genes (RPP2C and RPP2D) adjacent to RPP2A and RPP2B are quantitatively required for full resistance to Hpa-Cala2.

We compared RPP2 haplotypes in multiple Arabidopsis accessions and showed that all 4 genes are present in all ATR2Cala2-recognizing accessions.

Additional Information:

A peer reviewed version of this article has been published in New Phytologist (https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19790). The WRaP entry for this version is available here: https://eprints.worc.ac.uk/13923/

Uncontrolled Discrete Keywords:
Arabidopsis, ATR2, RxLR effector, Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, Plant immunity, RPP2, TNL
Legacy Divisions (Admin Only):
College of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences > School of Science and the Environment
Academic Schools:
School of Science and the environment
Copyright Info:
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity., All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission., The full-text of the pre-print can be accessed via the Official URL.
Depositing User:
Mahmut Tor
Date Deposited:
25 Jul 2023 14:38
Last Modified:
30 Mar 2026 13:23
Deposited By:
Mahmut Tor
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