Effect of coenzyme Q10 on C2C12 muscle myotubes in resting and exercise conditions.

Simpson, Nikki, Chalari, E., Abt, G., Fogarty, M. and Jones, H. (2016) Effect of coenzyme Q10 on C2C12 muscle myotubes in resting and exercise conditions. In: Postgraduate Research Conference, University of Hull, 29th January 2016, University of Hull. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) is a multi-functional, fat-soluble, vitamin-like substance that plays an essential role in mitochondrial function. CoQ also acts as a direct and indirect antioxidant, and has also been reported to modulate gene expression. Research into CoQ as a supplement for general health has increased in recent years, with substantial interest in the potential for CoQ to improve muscle health and function, and delay the onset of age-related decline. The focus of this project is to assess the effect of CoQ supplementation on markers of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle cells under resting and exercise-stressed conditions. Mechanistic investigations using a cell culture model of skeletal myotubes, applying a biochemical exercise mimic treatment will be undertaken.
AIM
To identify the effect of physiological concentrations of CoQ on measures of oxidative stress in non-stressed cells and to measure oxidative stress induced by an exercise mimic treatment in vitro.
METHODS
C2C12 myotube cultures were either treated with a range of physiologically-relevant CoQ concentrations (1-1000 nM) for 24 h or with a range of different exercise mimic treatment protocols which aimed to simulate muscle stress during a range of exercise modalities (3 day x 1 h, intermittent 3 x 1 h, 3 hr continuous, 1 h continuous and intermittent 3 x 5 min). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was assessed using the ROS-sensitive dye, DHE, by fluorescence detection.
RESULTS
CoQ treatment reduced ROS production in non-stressed cells at concentrations between 1 nM and 500 nM (16.3% - 24.5% differences in means compared to control). The 24.5% decrease in mean ROS production, induced by 500 nM CoQ was statistically significant (p=0.02, standardised size effect =1.48). Concentrations above 500 nM did not alter ROS production in non-stressed cells.
Biochemical exercise-mimicking increased ROS production compared with control in both the intermittent 3 x 5 min (difference in means of 99% compared to control, standardised size effect = 1.16) and continuous 3 hr (difference in means of 26% compared to control, standardised size effect = 0.66) conditions. There was a decrease in ROS production observed with the 3 day x 1 h treatment (difference in means of 44% compared to control, standardised size effect = 2.51). Only the 3 day x 1 h treatment was statistically significant (p = 0.012).
CONCLUSION
CoQ treatment reduces ROS production at physiologically-relevant concentrations when applied to non-stressed myotubes. Intermittent exercise-mimicking increased cell ROS production, suggesting increased oxidative stress, whereas repeated exercise mimic treatment over 3 days appears to decrease ROS production. Further experiments are needed to confirm these findings.

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