The Role of Physical Activity in the Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes via the Amelioration of Insulin Resistance.

Routen, Ashley (2010) The Role of Physical Activity in the Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes via the Amelioration of Insulin Resistance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 28 (3). pp. 3-9. ISSN Print:1582-8131 Electronic: 2066-2483

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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disease in our society, affecting around 5% of Western populations, whilst showing a steady rise in prevalence. The complications that arise from the disease are known to cause morbidity and mortality, and are associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs. These complications include atherosclerosis in the micro and macro vasculature, kidney dysfunction, nerve problems, hypertension; and eye problems such as retinopathy. Epidemiological evidence suggests regular physical activity improves insulin sensitivity. This review presents the case for physical activity as a tool of primary prevention, in the population of non-diabetics and high risk individuals (IFG & IGT), in reference to obesity related insulin resistance. Cross-sectional, prospective cohort and randomised control trials clearly show that moderate-intensity physical activity can improve insulin sensitivity; this can be improved further by undertaking vigorous intensity physical activity.

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