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Do early interventions prevent PTSD? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the safety and efficacy of early interventions after sexual assault

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Oosterbaan, V., Covers, M.L.V., Bicanic, I.A.E., Huntjens, R.J.C. and de Jongh, Ad (2019) Do early interventions prevent PTSD? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the safety and efficacy of early interventions after sexual assault. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 10 (1). Article no. 1682932. ISSN Print: 2000-8198 Online: 2000-8066

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Official URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20008...

Abstract

Objective: To review the safety and efficacy of early interventions after sexual assault in reducing or preventing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: Systematic searches were performed on studies (1980–2018) that examined the efficacy of interventions for PTSD within 3 months after sexual assault. Results: The review identified 7 studies (n = 350) with high risk of bias that investigated 5 interventions. Only two studies reported on safety. Contact with the authors of six studies provided no indications for the occurrence of adverse events. Two studies reported the efficacy using PTSD diagnosis as dependent variable but found no difference between groups. All studies reported on efficacy using PTSD severity as dependent variable. For the meta-analysis, 4 studies (n = 293) were included yielding significantly greater reductions of PTSD severity than standard care at 2 to 12 months follow-up (g = −0.23, 95% CI [−0.46, 0.00]), but not at 1 to 6 weeks post-intervention (g = −0.28, 95% CI [−0.57, 0.02]). The heterogeneity of the interventions precluded further analyses. Discussion: Findings suggest that early interventions can lead to durable effects on PTSD severity after sexual assault. However, due to limited availability of data, it is impossible to draw definite conclusions about safety and efficacy of early interventions, and their potential to prevent PTSD.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	The full-text of the online published article can be accessed via the official URL. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Uncontrolled Discrete Keywords:	sexual assault, posttraumatic stress disorder, prevention, early intervention, safety, meta-analysis
Divisions:	College of Business, Psychology and Sport > School of Psychology
Related URLs:	Publisher
Copyright Info:	Open access article
Depositing User:	Karen Veitch
Date Deposited:	18 Nov 2019 15:14
Last Modified:	17 Jun 2020 17:33
URI:	https://eprints.worc.ac.uk/id/eprint/8911

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